Pawning in German Working-Class Life Before the First World War

Pawning in German working-class life before the First World War.

This essay looks at the patterns of pawning in Germany in the decades preceding the First World War. It tries to present pawning and thus also the economy of nineteenth-century working-class households in a new light. Contrary to the generally accepted view of social historians, it is unlikely that pawning served to secure the proletarian household in periods of real hardship. There is much evi...

The First World War and Working-Class Food Consumption in Britain

The First World War and Working-Class Food Consumption in Britain In this paper we reassess the food consumption and dietary impact of the regimes of food and food price control and eventually, food rationing, that were introduced in Britain during the First World War. At the end of the War the Sumner Committee was convened to investigate into effects of these controls on the diets of working c...

A pilot in the first world war.

The impact of the First World War on the Indian commercial class in Natal.

Origins of the Indian Traders The Indian trading class migrated to Natal from the 1870s onwards. They came mainly from the West Coast of India, an area renowned for its commercial importance. They were referred to as “passenger” Indians since they paid their own fare to Natal. Except for a small percentage who was Hindus, the majority were Muslims (then referred to as “Arabs by the colonial set...

War Psychiatry | International Encyclopedia of the First World War (WW1)

During the First World War soldiers from all combatant nations suffered from a wide range of debilitating nervous complaints as a result of the stresses and strains of modern warfare. War psychiatrists struggled to manage these complaints and shell-shocked men struggled to ensure that they had decent treatment and proper pensions. In each country the politics of shell shock differed but, regard...